A point source $\mathrm{S}$ emits unpolarized light uniformly in all directions. At two points $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$, the ratio $r=I_A / I_B$ of the intensities of light is 2 . If a set of two polaroids having $45^{\circ}$ angle between their pass-axes is placed just before point $\mathrm{B}$, then the new value of $r$ will be __________.

A Young's double slit interference arrangement with slits S₁ and S₂ is immersed in water (refractive index = 4/3) as shown in the figure. The positions of maxima on the surface of water are given by x² = p²m²$$\lambda$$² $$-$$ d², where $$\lambda$$ is the wavelength of light in air (refractive index = 1). 2d is the separation between the slits and m is an integer. The value of p is