An adiabatic steam turbine receives dry saturated steam at $$1.0\,\,\,MN/{m^2}$$ and discharges it $$0.1\,\,\,MN/{m^2}.$$ The steam flow rate is $$3$$ $$kg/s$$ and the moisture at exit in negligible. If the ambient temperature is $$300$$ $$K,$$ determine the rate of entropy production and the lost power.

A Rankine cycle operates between pressures of $$80$$ bar and $$0.1$$ bar. The maximum cycle temperature is $${600^ \circ }C.$$ If the steam turbine and condensate pump efficiencies are $$0.9$$ and $$0.8$$, respectively, calculate the specific work and thermal efficiency. Relevant steam table extract is given below:

Dry saturated steam enters a friction-less adiabatic nozzle with negligible velocity at a temperature of $${300^ \circ }C.$$ It is expanded to a pressure of $$5000$$ $$kPa.$$ The mass flow rate is $$1$$ $$kg/s$$. Calculate the exit velocity of steam.

In a single stage single row impulse turbine, the steam is entering at a velocity of $$1200$$ $$m/s$$ with a nozzle angle of $${20^ \circ }$$ and leaving the blade in the axial direction. The ratio of blade velocity to the tangential (whirl) velocity of steam is $$0.6.$$ Sketch the velocity diagram and calculate the work output.